Free Pascal Reference guide Reference guide for Free Pascal, version 3.2.2 Document version 3.2.2 May 2021 Michaël Van Canneyt Contents 1 Pascal Tokens 12 1.1 Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 1.3.1 Turbo Pascal reserved words . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 1.3.2 Object Pascal reserved words . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156 11 Objective-Pascal Classes 159 11.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159 11.2 Objective-Pascal class declarations . . . . .

Free Pascal User’s Guide User’s Guide for Free Pascal, Version 3.2.2 Document version 3.2.2 May 2021 Michaël Van Canneyt Florian Klämpfl Contents 1 Introduction 7 1.1 About this document . . . . . . . 91 7 Porting and portable code 95 7.1 Free Pascal compiler modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95 7.2 Turbo Pascal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Things which are extra . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98 7.2.3 Turbo Pascal compatibility mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99 7.2.4 A note on long file

Free Pascal Programmer’s Guide Programmer’s Guide for Free Pascal, Version 3.2.2 Document version 3.2.2 May 2021 Michaël Van Canneyt Contents 1 Compiler directives 14 1.1 Introduction . . . . . . memory under the Go32 extender . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115 8.6 When porting Turbo Pascal code . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116 8.7 Memavail and Maxavail . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138 12.3 Using a library in a pascal program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139 12.4 Using a pascal library from a C program . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Object Pascal 参考手册 （Ver 0.1） ezdelphi@hotmail.com Overview - 1 - Overview（概述） Using object pascal（使用 object pascal） Object Pascal 是一种高级编译语言，具有强类型（对数据类型的检查非常严格）特性，支持结构化 严格）特性，支持结构化 和面向对象编程。它的优点包括代码的易读性、快速编译，以及支持多个单元文件从而实现模块化编程。 Object Pascal 具有一些特性以支持 Borland 组件框架和 RAD（快速应用程序开发）环境。在很大程 度上，本语言参考的说明和示例假定你使用 Borland 公司的开发工具，如 Delphi 和 Kylix。 绝大多数使用 Borland 开发工具的开发者是在 不是 Object Pascal 语言规范的一部分。比如，Borland 开发工具遵循某些文件和程序的命名约定，若你在 IDE 以外编写代码并使用命令行来编译，你可以避开 这些限制。 这些帮助主题假设你在 IDE 环境下工作，并且使用 VCL（可视化组件库）和/或 CLX（跨平台组件 库）创建应用程序。但有时候，Borland 一些特定的规则和 Object Pascal 的通用规则并不相同。

today • Very quick review of concurrency and lock-free programming • Review the “bread and butter” of lock-free design patterns • Define wait-free algorithms, understand the definition and practical an elegant wait-free algorithm and wait-free design • Some simple benchmarks Some assumed knowledge • You know what std::atomic does and what it is used for • You’ve heard of lock-free programming and Obstruction free (progress in isolation): A single thread executed in isolation will complete the operation in a bounded number of steps. • Obstruction-free algorithms are immune to deadlock • Lock free (at

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head) ● Busy polling on full / empty vs. sync using system calls ● Blocking / non blocking / wait-free ● Data ownership or just value propagation 13 CppCon 2024 | Erez Strauss | Lockfree, MPMC Queue instructions ● std::atomic - provides load / store / compare_exchange ● std::atomic::is_always_lock_free ● Load and Store of aligned 8 bytes ● CAS ( old-expected, new-value ) - atomic Compare And Swap

reliable sources such as Boost.Lockfree? ● Writing such a fifo is a fairly gentle introduction to lock free programming. ● There are some interesting performance optimizations that can be made. ● You may net/home/lock-free-algorithms/queues/unbounded-spsc-queue https://www.dpdk.org/ 3● Single producer: one producer (aka writer) thread ● Single consumer: one consumer (aka reader) thread ● Lock-free: it doesn’t doesn’t use mutex locks. At any point of time, some thread will make progress. ● Wait-free: each thread moves forward regardless of other threads. ● [Circular] Fifo [or Queue]: a single, fixed-size buffer

Deferred reclamation, i.e., garbage collection in C++ Some assumed knowledge • You’ve heard of lock-free programming and know what a compare_exchange is • You know roughly what atomic does and what it is Deferred reclamation, i.e., garbage collection in C++ Some assumed knowledge • You’ve heard of lock-free programming and know what a compare_exchange is • You know roughly what atomic does and what it is danielanderson.net std::atomic How many lines does it take to implement a lock-free & memory-safe stack? template struct Stack { struct Node { T t; shared_ptr