Hello 演算法 Java 語言版 作者：靳宇棟（@krahets） 程式碼審閱：靳宇棟（@krahets） Release 1.2.0 2024‑12‑06 序 兩年前，我在力扣上分享了“劍指 Offer”系列題解，受到了許多讀者的鼓勵與支持。在與讀者交流期間，我 最常被問到的一個問題是“如何入門演算法”。漸漸地，我對這個問題產生了濃厚的興趣。 兩眼一抹黑地刷題似乎是最受歡迎的方 記錄。需要注意的是，Python 中 range(a, b) 對應的區間是“左閉右開”的，對應的走訪範圍為 ?, ? + 1, … , ? − 1 ： // === File: iteration.java === /* for 迴圈 */ int forLoop(int n) { int res = 0; // 迴圈求和 1, 2, ..., n-1, n for (int i = 1; 迴圈中，程式每輪都會先檢查條件，如果條 件為真，則繼續執行，否則就結束迴圈。 下面我們用 while 迴圈來實現求和 1 + 2 + ⋯ + ? ： // === File: iteration.java === /* while 迴圈 */ int whileLoop(int n) { int res = 0; int i = 1; // 初始化條件變數 // 迴圈求和 1, 2, .

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Advanced Usage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 222 17.5 Syntax Guide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 223 18 Metaprogramming Revise-based workflows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 447 36 Style Guide 449 36.1 Indentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . is called, not just return a value. For more information about stylistic conventions, see the Style Guide.Chapter 4 Integers and Floating-Point Numbers Integers and floating-point values are the basic

Advanced Usage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 222 17.5 Syntax Guide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 223 18 Metaprogramming Revise-based workflows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 447 36 Style Guide 449 36.1 Indentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . is called, not just return a value. For more information about stylistic conventions, see the Style Guide.Chapter 4 Integers and Floating-Point Numbers Integers and floating-point values are the basic

Advanced Usage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 236 18.5 Syntax Guide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 238 19 Metaprogramming Revise-based workflows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 480 37 Style Guide 482 37.1 Indentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . is called, not just return a value. For more information about stylistic conventions, see the Style Guide.Chapter 5 Integers and Floating-Point Numbers Integers and floating-point values are the basic

Advanced Usage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 236 18.5 Syntax Guide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 238 19 Metaprogramming Revise-based workflows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 480 37 Style Guide 482 37.1 Indentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . is called, not just return a value. For more information about stylistic conventions, see the Style Guide.Chapter 5 Integers and Floating-Point Numbers Integers and floating-point values are the basic

Advanced Usage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 236 18.5 Syntax Guide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 238 19 Metaprogramming Revise-based workflows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 480 37 Style Guide 482 37.1 Indentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . is called, not just return a value. For more information about stylistic conventions, see the Style Guide.Chapter 5 Integers and Floating-Point Numbers Integers and floating-point values are the basic

Advanced Usage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 237 18.5 Syntax Guide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 239 19 Metaprogramming workflows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 491CONTENTS vii 37 Style Guide 493 37.1 Indentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . is called, not just return a value. For more information about stylistic conventions, see the Style Guide.Chapter 5 Integers and Floating-Point Numbers Integers and floating-point values are the basic

Advanced Usage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 237 18.5 Syntax Guide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 239 19 Metaprogramming workflows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 492CONTENTS vii 37 Style Guide 494 37.1 Indentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . is called, not just return a value. For more information about stylistic conventions, see the Style Guide.Chapter 5 Integers and Floating-Point Numbers Integers and floating-point values are the basic

Advanced Usage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 237 18.5 Syntax Guide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 239 19 Metaprogramming workflows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 491CONTENTS vii 37 Style Guide 493 37.1 Indentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . is called, not just return a value. For more information about stylistic conventions, see the Style Guide.Chapter 5 Integers and Floating-Point Numbers Integers and floating-point values are the basic