台开发和第 二代基于Kubernetes的DevOps云平台开发 来自于浙江大学SEL实验室目录 CONTENTS Kubernetes平台下的微服务演进 Pilot核心功能解读 Pilot-Agent核心流程解读Kubernetes平台下的微服务演进当我们在讨论微服务的时候我们在讨论什么？ • 解决如何微服务的问题 • 解决微服务化后带来的问题 温饱问题 • 计算资源的快速分配 • 服务间认证和终端用户认证功能Istio的Pilot功能解析Pilot官方架构Istio – EnvoyPilot-Agent的核心流程解读Pilot工作流程Pilot-Agent的部署形式 pilot-agent在pilot/cmd包下面，是个单独 的二进制。 pilot-agent跟envoy打包在同一个docker镜 像里，镜像由Dockerfile.proxy定义， Makefile（include了tools/istio- sidecar。非Kubernetes情况下需要把 pilot-agent、envoy跟应用部署在一起，这 就有点“污染”应用的意思了。Pilot-Agent的功能介绍 在proxy镜像中，pilot-agent负责的工作包括： • 生成envoy的配置。 • 启动envoy。 • 监控并管理envoy的运行状况，比如envoy出错时pilot-agent负责重启envoy，或者envoy配置变更后

喜欢开源，个人开源项目”Jaeger PHP Client”。 • 喜欢研究源码，对NSQ，Jaeger，Istio（控制平面）等go语言开源项目进行 过研究。 • 除了代码还喜欢爬山和第二天睡醒后全身酸疼的感觉。目录Pilot-Agent——管理生命周期（PA） u启动envoy u热重启envoy u监控envoy u优雅关闭envoy启动envoy ü监听/etc/certs目录 ü生成envoy静态配置文件envoy-rev0 ü生成envoy静态配置文件envoy-rev0.json ü通过exec.Command启动 envoy并监听状态 • 文件配置文档 • 启动参数文档热重启envoy热重启涉及以下步骤 • Pilot-Agent只是负责启动S，其他步骤由envoy完成。 • 1. 启动另外一个S进程（Secondary process） • 2. S通知P（Primary process）关闭其管理的端口，由S接管 • 3. S加载配置，开始绑定listen ü在2(n-1) * 200毫秒后执行（为什么不立即执行） ü失败再次触发抢救机制 ü10个令牌用完，没有抢救成功，放弃退出优雅关闭envoy ü K8s发送SIGTERM信号让容器优雅关闭 ü Pilot-Agent接收信号通过context关闭子服务，发送SIGKILL关闭envoy ü Envoy不支持优雅关闭，需要通过金丝雀或蓝绿部署方式实现 Envoy优雅关闭实现方式讨论：#3307 #292

v5897 Gateway VirtualService DestinationRule Service Kubernetes层 POD-2 pilot-agent Container v5897 POD-1 pilot-agent Containermaster POD-n … jenkins Client Chrome • 无状态服务的扩缩容 Traffic serviceA

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functions can find the relevant lock to change when // they are called. This way we avoid global variables. locks.user = mutex; locks.lock = lock_mutex; locks.unlock = unlock_mutex; // This is the main exception. } Since the fz_try macro is based on setjmp, the same conditions that apply to local variables in the presence of setjmp apply. Any locals written to inside the try block may be restored to their y1=1215.6) 7.1. The C++ MuPDF API 203 MuPDF Documentation, Release 1.24.0 7.1.7 Runtime environmental variables All builds • MUPDF_mt_ctx Controls support for multi-threading on startup. – If set with

functions can find the relevant lock to change when // they are called. This way we avoid global variables. locks.user = mutex; locks.lock = lock_mutex; locks.unlock = unlock_mutex; // This is the main exception. } Since the fz_try macro is based on setjmp, the same conditions that apply to local variables in the presence of setjmp apply. Any locals written to inside the try block may be restored to their const; These each generate text such as: (x0=90.51 y0=160.65 x1=501.39 y1=1215.6) 5.1.6 Environmental variables All builds • MUPDF_mt_ctx Controls support for multi-threading on startup. – If set with

functions can find the relevant lock to change when // they are called. This way we avoid global variables. locks.user = mutex; locks.lock = lock_mutex; locks.unlock = unlock_mutex; // This is the main exception. } Since the fz_try macro is based on setjmp, the same conditions that apply to local variables in the presence of setjmp apply. Any locals written to inside the try block may be restored to their const; These each generate text such as: (x0=90.51 y0=160.65 x1=501.39 y1=1215.6) 7.1.6 Environmental variables All builds • MUPDF_mt_ctx Controls support for multi-threading on startup. – If set with

can lead to death or serious injury to people, loss or severe damage to property, or severe environmental harm." - ISO/IEC 23643:2020Software Safety - Crowdstrike Faulty updated crashed roughly 8.5 and an apply function to change the reference typeContext A tuple of context variables. An action is applied to all variables. template struct context { tuple data; context(tuplevariables in a context and passing it to the next function after every action.Goals - Properties Compute

the same answer you do Part 1: Testing Repeatable 24Hermeticity Hermeticity: Sealed off from environmental effects Hermetic: Airtight, impervious to external influence. (Merriam Webster) Hermetic tests: three private, protected or public. -- Wikipedia user-defined type data structure member variables member functions access specifiers From our original definition of Unit Testing, we therefore private: 9 10 11 friend struct CupTester 12 ... 13 }; 14 The names of your member variables are referenced in your tests! White Box testing tends to create big maintainability problems struct

noise. Interference from the environment: noisy signals Inherent in complex systems with too many variables Inherent in quantum mechanics Solutions: Isolate Subtract Detect and eliminate erroneous results test conditions Example: Client must connect to server within X seconds Measure the unwanted environmental effects Adjust tests to compensate 30Option 3: Detect and Respond Options: If the environment