OS、Windows 8 等操作系统直接支持 JavaScript 编 写应用程序。Mozilla 的 Open Web Apps 项目、Google 的 Chrome App 项目、Github 的 Electron 项目、以及 TideSDK 项目，都可以用来编写运行于 Windows、Mac OS 和 Android 等 多个桌面平台的程序，不依赖浏览器。 （7）小结 可以预期，JavaScript 本文档使用 书栈(BookStack.CN) 构建 实例对象与 new 命令 实例对象与 new 命令 对象是什么 构造函数 new 命令 基本用法 new 命令的原理 new.target Object.create() 创建实例对象 JavaScript 语言具有很强的面向对象编程能力，本章介绍 JavaScript 面向对象编程的基础知识。 面向对象编程（Object actor = _new(Person, '张三', 28); 函数内部可以使用 new.target 属性。如果当前函数是 new 命令调 用， new.target 指向当前函数，否则为 undefined 。 1. function f() { 2. console.log(new.target === f); 3. } 4. 5. f() // false 6. new

algorithm (early stopping) 65Dijkstra's algorithm (early stopping) function Dijkstras(Graph, source, target): for each vertex v in Graph.Vertices: prev[v] ← UNDEFINED # otherwise, set predecessor of (u) if u is target: # end if we are at the target vertex break for each neighbor v of u with prev[v] is 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 66Dijkstra's algorithm (early stopping) function Dijkstras(Graph, source, target): for each vertex v in Graph.Vertices: prev[v] ← UNDEFINED

=== File: array.swift === /* 在数组中查找指定元素 */ func find(nums: [Int], target: Int) -> Int { for i in nums.indices { if nums[i] == target { return i } } return -1 } 7. 扩容数组 在复杂的系统环境中，程序难以保证数组之后的内存 head } 5. 查找节点 遍历链表，查找其中值为 target 的节点，输出该节点在链表中的索引。此过程也属于线性查找。代码如下所 示： // === File: linked_list.swift === /* 在链表中查找值为 target 的首个节点 */ func find(head: ListNode, target: Int) -> Int { var head: ListNode ListNode? = head var index = 0 while head != nil { if head?.val == target { return index } head = head?.next index += 1 } return -1 } 第 4 章 数组与链表 www.hello‑algo.com 77 4.2.2 数组 vs. 链表 表 4‑1

and SunOS, and, as it is portable, it might work in any other platform that can run Python. It can target any existing platform: ranging from bare metal to desktop, mobile, embedded, servers, and cross-building shared and managed with conan config install. Deployers run before generators, and they can change the target folders. For example, if the --deployer=full_deploy deployer runs before CMakeDeps, the files generated (continued from previous page) find_package(ZLIB REQUIRED) add_executable(${PROJECT_NAME} src/main.c) target_link_libraries(${PROJECT_NAME} ZLIB::ZLIB) Our application relies on the Zlib library. Conan, by

and SunOS, and, as it is portable, it might work in any other platform that can run Python. It can target any existing platform: ranging from bare metal to desktop, mobile, embedded, servers, and cross-building shared and managed with conan config install. Deployers run before generators, and they can change the target folders. For example, if the --deployer=full_deploy deployer runs before CMakeDeps, the files generated (continued from previous page) find_package(ZLIB REQUIRED) add_executable(${PROJECT_NAME} src/main.c) target_link_libraries(${PROJECT_NAME} ZLIB::ZLIB) Our application relies on the Zlib library. Conan, by

and SunOS, and, as it is portable, it might work in any other platform that can run Python. It can target any existing platform: ranging from bare metal to desktop, mobile, embedded, servers, and cross-building shared and managed with conan config install. Deployers run before generators, and they can change the target folders. For example, if the --deployer=full_deploy deployer runs before CMakeDeps, the files generated (continued from previous page) find_package(ZLIB REQUIRED) add_executable(${PROJECT_NAME} src/main.c) target_link_libraries(${PROJECT_NAME} ZLIB::ZLIB) Our application relies on the Zlib library. Conan, by

and SunOS, and, as it is portable, it might work in any other platform that can run Python. It can target any existing platform: ranging from bare metal to desktop, mobile, embedded, servers, and cross-building shared and managed with conan config install. Deployers run before generators, and they can change the target folders. For example, if the --deployer=full_deploy deployer runs before CMakeDeps, the files generated (continued from previous page) find_package(ZLIB REQUIRED) add_executable(${PROJECT_NAME} src/main.c) target_link_libraries(${PROJECT_NAME} ZLIB::ZLIB) Our application relies on the Zlib library. Conan, by

and SunOS, and, as it is portable, it might work in any other platform that can run Python. It can target any existing platform: ranging from bare metal to desktop, mobile, embedded, servers, and cross-building shared and managed with conan config install. Deployers run before generators, and they can change the target folders. For example, if the --deployer=full_deploy deployer runs before CMakeDeps, the files generated (continued from previous page) find_package(ZLIB REQUIRED) add_executable(${PROJECT_NAME} src/main.c) target_link_libraries(${PROJECT_NAME} ZLIB::ZLIB) Our application relies on the Zlib library. Conan, by

File: array.cs === /* 在数组中查找指定元素 */ int Find(int[] nums, int target) { for (int i = 0; i < nums.Length; i++) { if (nums[i] == target) return i; } return -1; } 7. 扩容数组 在复杂的系统环境中，程序难以保证数组之后的内存 head; } 5. 查找节点 遍历链表，查找其中值为 target 的节点，输出该节点在链表中的索引。此过程也属于线性查找。代码如下所 示： // === File: linked_list.cs === /* 在链表中查找值为 target 的首个节点 */ int Find(ListNode? head, int target) { int index = 0; while (head (head != null) { if (head.val == target) return index; head = head.next; index++; } return -1; } 4.2.2 数组 vs. 链表 表 4‑1 总结了数组和链表的各项特点并对比了操作效率。由于它们采用两种相反的存储策略，因此各种性质 和操作效率也呈现对立的特点。 表 4‑1 数组与链表的效率对比

array.dart === /* 在数组中查找指定元素 */ int find(List nums, int target) { for (var i = 0; i < nums.length; i++) { if (nums[i] == target) return i; } return -1; } 7. 扩容数组 在复杂的系统环境中，程序难以保证数组之后的内存空 head; } 5. 查找节点 遍历链表，查找其中值为 target 的节点，输出该节点在链表中的索引。此过程也属于线性查找。代码如下所 示： // === File: linked_list.dart === /* 在链表中查找值为 target 的首个节点 */ int find(ListNode? head, int target) { int index = 0; while (head (head != null) { if (head.val == target) { return index; } head = head.next; index++; } return -1; } 4.2.2 数组 vs. 链表 表 4‑1 总结了数组和链表的各项特点并对比了操作效率。由于它们采用两种相反的存储策略，因此各种性质 和操作效率也呈现对立的特点。 表 4‑1 数组与链表的效率对比