difficulties.”Solutions to Accidental Difficulties • High-level languages • The most a high-level language can do is to furnish all the constructs the programmer imagines in the abstract program • Time-sharing are they remainders of our accidental difficulties?”Silver bullets? • Ada and other high-level language advances • Object-oriented programming • Artificial intelligence • Expert systems • “Automatic” content, automatic programming has always been a euphemism for programming with a higher-level language than was presently available to the programmer • In essence, it is the solution method, not the

of a capability valuable to a user  High-level description of features  Written in user language, not technical jargon  Provide information to help teams estimate level of effort  Worded orders.  Work with the contracting office to develop standard Performance Work Statement (PWS) language and proposal evaluation criteria.  Use past performance and relevant experience as source selection

that this is something to be ashamed of or that they need to be controlled, learn to speak the language of the business, or start wearing jackets and ties.The CIO’s Place at the Table IT leadership