previous ones. That’s why the term commonly used for the CI/CD build/test/deploy process is a pipeline. It can provide integration, delivery, and deployment in a continuous stream of releases. Figure single management system. But with the advent of Kubernetes, microservices, and cloud-native architecture, many paradigms are starting to be decoupled, including CI/CD. Integrating Synchronous and Asynchronous trig- gered by some event. For example, a commit to a specific repository or branch can trig- ger a pipeline that builds the application, runs tests against it, and maybe triggers other pipelines. The key

by every kind of organization, from every industry, across every part of the world. Mae Large, Architecture Manager at State Farm says that taking a platform approach is about enabling every product team stack with only 3 developers. This instilled confidence in the team to move away from traditional architecture, and to rather build consistent end-to-end workflows that simultaneously increase consistency mindset even when developers are working on an MVP. Everything we do is based on Zero Trust architecture - both for ingress, egress, and east-west traffic. We use the Istio service mesh, and that’s

Performance: The Facts 6 No new tools to learn Because Git lies at the centre of the delivery pipeline, developers do not need to learn to use new tools. They can work in a world they know, using pull the definition of your entire stack from the containers up, you can secure the whole development pipeline. HOW GITOPS IMPROVES SDO PERFORMANCE DORA’s findings make it clear that when DevOps is implemented Weaveworks, the inventors of GitOps. WKP is a production ready platform with GitOps as the underlying architecture and developer experience. It simplifies cluster configuration and management across your organization

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 05 Push vs . Pull-Based Architecture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . include continuous integration / continuous delivery (CI/CD), choosing between pull- or push-based architecture, and observability. Getting Started with GitOps Looking for an In-Depth Introduction to GitOps property of their respective companies. Push vs. Pull-Based Architecture Push vs . Pull-Based Architecture Adopting a cloud-native architecture is not without its challenges. While the benefits are substantial

Whenever a new change is required, a pull request with the new change is created, executing the CI/CD pipeline to provision or modify the infrastructure. Additionally, GitOps offers users the flexibility to tools Automated deployments Shorter feedback loops By having infrastructure as a part of the CI/CD pipeline, any application modification that requires an infrastructure change can be bundled and managed authorization requirements for infrastructure modification. Since infrastructure is a part of the CI/CD pipeline, individual developers do not require direct access to resources, hence not needing credentials

stage-ci-dryrun-from-pr-template.yaml ├── 05-ci │ ├── dev-ci-pipeline.yaml │ └── stage-ci-pipeline.yaml ├── 06-cd │ ├── dev-cd-pipeline.yaml │ └── stage-cd-pipeline.yaml ├── 07-eventlisteners │ └── cicd-event-listener Deployment Pipeline Managed Deployment Pro Consistent Post-Test update of image reference Con Image reference updated in git before integration tests, manage rollback? Inconsistent Con Pipeline tools tools must be able to wait for sync Application repo Environment repo Openshift Pipeline Updates image in dev manifest Push newly built container image Apply the newly updated manifests Infrastructure

Principles of GitOps Key Benefits of GitOps What Happens When you Adopt GitOps? Typical CI/CD Pipeline GitOps Separation of Privileges 03 04 05 06 07 10 GitOps Hands On Tutorial Part 1: Spin tool that can do everything required in your pipeline, GitOps gives you the freedom to choose the best tools for the different parts of your CICD pipeline. You can select a set of tools from the open combine them. The most difficult part of creating a pipeline is gluing all of the pieces together. Whatever you choose for your delivery pipeline, applying GitOps best practices with Git (or any version

deployments. In the classic use of a CI/CD system, the last step in the pipeline is a deployment step. Classic pipeline With GitOps you can keep your CI process pristine (by just preparing in order to trigger the tests. The same scenario is trivial to execute with a traditional CI/CD pipeline. GitOps doesn’t address promotion of releases between environments This is probably one of automatically sent to production without any human intervention. This is the ultimate form of a deployment pipeline, as it takes manual steps completely out of the equation. Using Continuous Deployment and GitOps

Virtual Machines Designed for Containers and Kubernetes Require IT Ops for CI engine maintenance Pipeline as a service with no Ops overhead Plugins shared across CI engine Pipelines fully isolated from Granular control over pipeline execution details on Kubernetes, to support your exact requirements Built for Kubernetes Scale on-demand Flexible and powerful Secure pipeline execution Kubernetes with Tekton Hub ● Secure pipelines aligned with Kubernetes RBAC ● Visual and IDE-based pipeline authoring ● Pipeline templates when importing apps ● Automated install and upgrades via OperatorHub ● CLI

organizations that set off on their journey to continuous delivery normally start by automating a CI/CD pipeline. In this simplified example, let's say there is a single microservice repository that bundles | GITOPS FOR KUBERNETES REFCARD | SEPTEMBER 2022 6 With this typical CI/CD push-based pipeline, Docker container images are then deployed to the actual cluster using some sort of bespoke rebuild everything, and then re-apply all of the workloads to the new cluster. The typical CI pipeline doesn't have its state easily recorded like when you're using GitOps. GITOPS DEPLOYMENT WORKFLOW