Splitting CI and CD 1.3. Promotion of releases between environments 1.4. Modeling multi-environment configurations 1.5. Auto-scaling and dynamic resources 1.6. GitOps rollbacks 1.7. Observability promotion of releases between environments 4. There is no standard practice for modeling multi-environment configurations 5. GitOps breaks down with auto-scaling and dynamic resources 6. There is no of GitOps. There are also several underlying issues such as not knowing exactly when your environment has finished with the deployment in order to trigger the tests. The same scenario is trivial

central point of deciding what and how to operate on something. Kubernetes controls the operating environment by comparing the declared (desired) state of an object to the current running state. If these work in an “end state,” which will be the final state achieved by changes made by the GitOps environment. Lastly, the desired state must be declarative. The state of a system is stored as a set of declarations delivery, where someone makes a commit and sees those changes relatively quickly in a dev/staging environment. Continuous deployment takes continuous delivery one step further, deploying the changes into

methodologies What is GitOps? 3 Why GitOps? It takes weeks (or months!) to provision an environment The application behaves different in production than it did in test Environments are all on-premises environment Autoscaling of cloud resources One-click updates for platform, services, and applications OpenShift and GitOps - A Perfect Match ● OpenShift is a declarative environment ○ Cluster makes it happen ● GitOps in traditional environments requires automation/scripting, declarative environment minimizes or eliminates this need ● Declarations are yaml files which are easily stored and

CD for deployment to environments ● Kustomize for environment-specific configs ● Integration with secret managers $ kam bootstrap $ kam environment add stage GitOps Application Manager CLI 31 Pull Image Registry Pull-request app manifests Pull Dev Environment Staging Environment Prod Environment Push Sync $ kam bootstrap linkedin.com/company/red-hat youtube

tooling to update the config repo. The config changes are then pushed/pulled to the deployment environment. Git Repo 1 Git Repo 2 CI/CD Infrastructure as Code Application Config Management Application sometimes is preferable for managing varying infrastructure components outside the Kubernetes environment. Push vs. Pull-Based Architecture Push-based architecture also relies on CI/CD tools like Jenkins push-based approach, only the automation tooling needs write access to the environment. In a pull-based approach, the environment just needs read access to the git repository. This greatly reduces the attack

specific cluster credentials to make a change to your system. With GitOps, there is a segregated environment, and the state definition lives outside of it. This allows your team to separate what they actually Also, separating responsibility between packaging software and releasing it to a production environment embodies the security principle of least privilege, reducing the impact of compromise and providing achieve the same? Well, it helps in the recovery of infrastructure environments as the entire environment and components we would have present are declaratively defined in our Git repository. So disaster

declarative descriptions of all desired elements in the production environment while an automated process ensures the production environment matches the described state. P.4 Weave the principles of GitOps cluster credentials or manual intervention to make a change to the system. As a segregated environment, the system can only be changed through Git, thereby reducing user error and speeding up time understood by developers. As a result, many teams don’t realize the full benefits of their DevOps environment because the operational complexity of the infrastructure holds them back. Using GitOps best practices

the basics in their hands to start deploying and running their application in our very specific environment. We are running everything on-prem. We run workloads also traditionally in many locations. We mindset where your design stays in Git, and everything is in Git. Your production or staging environment will pull from Git continuously to implement whatever change you want to make, to ensure you have BUILDING & MANAGING INTERNAL PLATFORMS 10 ▼ The key is to monitor your staging and your production environment, and look at anything that’s not in Git. Anything that’s drifting or not present in Git is effectively

will be carried out in a staging environment, which acts as a further fail safe before the final deployment of the infrastructure modifications to the production environment. Likewise, a GitOps pipeline offers example Let's take a real-world scenario of GitOps where a web application is deployed in a cloud environment. Assume there is a sudden spike in traffic to the application, which creates performance issues

need cluster credentials to make a change to your system. With GitOps, there is a segregated environment that the state definition lives outside of. This allows you to separate what you do and how you’re Read/Write access to container repository Read/Write access to the continuous integration environment Runs inside the production cluster Read/Write access to configuration repository Read access the master and any joining nodes. Part 1: Spin up a Kubernetes Cluster eBook 18 5. Set up the environment for Kubernetes. On the master run the following as a regular user: sudo cp /etc/kubernetes/admin