million的网页、大小40GB的文本。 图：GPT-2通过调整原模型和采用多任务方式来让AI更贴近“通才” 水平 GPT的发展 37 资料来源：《 Language Models are Few-Shot Learners》论文 • 预训练加微调范式中，可能在这种范式下实现的 泛化可能很差，因为该模型过于特定于训练分布， 并且在其之外无法很好地泛化。 • 微调模型在特定基准上的性能，即使名义上是人 现了强大性能 ✓ GPT-3是一个具有1750亿个参数的自回归语言模型，比之前的任何非稀疏语言模型多10倍。对于所有任务（在few-shot设置下测试其 性能），GPT-3都是在没有任何梯度更新或微调的情况下应用的，仅通过与模型的文本交互来指定任务和few-shot演示。 ✓ GPT-3在许多NLP数据集上都有很强的性能（包括翻译、问题解答和完形填空任务），以及一些需要动态推理或领域适应的任务（如解 GPT-3可以生成新闻文章样本（已很难将其与人类撰写的文章区分开来）。 图：GPT-3相关研究显示，few-shot(少量样本）的综 合表现是在无监督模式下最优的 图：GPT-3的模型参数在GPT-2的基础上增加110多倍 资料来源：《 Language Models are Few-Shot Learners》 GPT的发展 39 资料来源：《Training language models

official Tensorflow Hub repository8. Similarly models like GPT-3, T5, etc. have the capability to be few-shot learners. This means that they can be shown a few example inputs and outputs to solve a new task perform sentiment detection by showing it a few examples of the task. Figure 6-7: An example of few-shot learning with a large language model. One of the prominent deployment of such models is the GitHub’s achieve higher quality models with scant labeled data. In fact very large models like GPT-3 are few-shot learners, in that they can be shown a couple of examples of the task to be solved, and they can

this growth sustainable with efficient deep learning. 5 Brown, Tom B., et al. "Language models are few-shot learners." arXiv preprint arXiv:2005.14165 (2020). 4 Devlin, Jacob, et al. "Bert: Pre-training

机器人(Robotics) 在真实环境中，机器人的控制也取得了一定的进展。如 UC Berkeley 实验室在机器人领域的 Imitation Learning、Meta Learning、Few-shot Learning 等方向上取得 了不少进展。美国波士顿动力公司在机器人应用中取得喜人的成就，其制造的机器人在复 杂地形行走、多智能体协作等任务上表现良好(图 1.19)。 自动驾驶(Autonomous

approach that goes beyond data collection to data process- ing and analytics, delivering insight and prompting immediate action. Ki Lee, vice president of digital solutions at Booz Allen Hamilton, perfectly

item in the list and select Take Snapshot from the menu. In either case, a window is displayed prompting you for a snapshot name. This name is purely for reference purposes to help you remember the state rectory. For example, this is $HOME/.oci/config on a Linux host. 2. Click the Import icon. A dialog prompting you to import cloud profiles from external files is shown. Warning: The dialog warns you that any on a Mac OS X host: 1. Double-click on the dmg file, to mount the contents. 2. A window opens, prompting you to double-click on the VirtualBox.pkg installer file dis- played in that window. 3. This will

item in the list and select Take Snapshot from the menu. In either case, a window is displayed prompting you for a snapshot name. This name is purely for reference purposes to help you remember the state rectory. For example, this is $HOME/.oci/config on a Linux host. 2. Click the Import icon. A dialog prompting you to import cloud profiles from external files is shown. Warning: The dialog warns you that any on a Mac OS X host: 1. Double-click on the dmg file, to mount the contents. 2. A window opens, prompting you to double-click on the VirtualBox.pkg installer file dis- played in that window. 3. This will

Right-click on the Current State item in the list and select Take. In either case, a window is displayed prompting you for a snapshot name. This name is purely for reference purposes to help you remember the state on a Mac OS X host: 1. Double-click on the dmg file, to mount the contents. 2. A window opens, prompting you to double-click on the VirtualBox.pkg installer file dis- played in that window. 3. This starts response file named autoresponse. The installer uses this for responses to inputs, rather than prompting the user. Extract the tar.gz package as described in chapter 2.4.1, Performing the Installation

Right-click on the Current State item in the list and select Take. In either case, a window is displayed prompting you for a snapshot name. This name is purely for reference purposes to help you remember the state on a Mac OS X host: 1. Double-click on the dmg file, to mount the contents. 2. A window opens, prompting you to double-click on the VirtualBox.pkg installer file dis- played in that window. 3. This starts response file named autoresponse. The installer uses this for responses to inputs, rather than prompting the user. Extract the tar.gz package as described in chapter 2.4.1, Performing the Installation

Right-click on the Current State item in the list and select Take. In either case, a window is displayed prompting you for a snapshot name. This name is purely for reference purposes to help you remember the state on a Mac OS X host: 1. Double-click on the dmg file, to mount the contents. 2. A window opens, prompting you to double-click on the VirtualBox.pkg installer file dis- played in that window. 3. This starts response file named autoresponse. The installer uses this for responses to inputs, rather than prompting the user. Extract the tar.gz package as described in chapter 2.4.1, Performing the Installation