Firebird 4.0 Language Reference Dmitry Filippov, Alexander Karpeykin, Alexey Kovyazin, Dmitry Kuzmenko, Denis Simonov, Paul Vinkenoog, Dmitry Yemanov, Mark Rotteveel Version 2.10, 15 December 2023 The source of much copied reference material: Paul Vinkenoog Copyright © 2017-2023 Firebird Project and all contributing authors, under the Public Documentation License Version 1.0. Please refer to request with the necessary changes. Preface 1 Table of Contents 1. About the Firebird 4.0 Language Reference . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Firebird 2.5 Language Reference Dmitry Filippov, Alexander Karpeykin, Alexey Kovyazin, Dmitry Kuzmenko, Denis Simonov, Paul Vinkenoog, Dmitry Yemanov Version 1.16, 15 December 2023 The source of much much copied reference material: Paul Vinkenoog Copyright © 2017-2023 Firebird Project and all contributing authors, under the Public Documentation License Version 1.0. Please refer to the License Notice topics concerning Firebird’s SQL language written by members of the Russian-speaking community of Firebird developers and users. In 2014, it culminated in a language reference manual, in Russian. At the instigation

слова; • Типы и подтипы данных; • Операторы DDL (Data Definition Language — язык создания данных); • Операторы DML (Data Manipulation Language — язык обращения с данными); • Операторы управления транзакциями; org документ доступен по адресу https://www.firebirdsql.org/ file/documentation/reference_manuals/firebird-language-reference-30-rus.pdf Кроме того, данный документ выложен в различных форматах на сайте (I <= 5) DO BEGIN SELECT LANGUAGE_REQ[:I] FROM JOB WHERE (JOB_CODE = :CODE) AND (JOB_GRADE = :GRADE) AND (JOB_COUNTRY = :CTY) AND (LANGUAGE_REQ IS NOT NULL)) INTO :LANGUAGES;

слова; • Типы и подтипы данных; • Операторы DDL (Data Definition Language - язык создания данных); • Операторы DML (Data Manipulation Language - язык обращения с данными); • Операторы управления транзакциями; внешние функции). Полная документация по Firebird 2.5 SQL включает в себя: • InterBase 6.0 beta SQL Reference (LangRef.pdf и/или SQLRef.html); • Данный документ. Вопросы, не связанные с SQL, не рассматриваются использовать его умолчательное значение. Это было введено ещё в InterBase 6, но в его Language Reference упоминается только контекстная переменная USER. Пример: CREATE DOMAIN DDATE AS DATE DEFAULT

. . . . . . . . . . . 75 Table of Contents 3 Chapter 1. Introduction This manual provides reference material for the Firebird Interactive SQL Utility (isql), and instructions on how to use it to For the full syntax of CREATE DATABASE, refer to the Language Reference of your Firebird version. For example, the Firebird 4.0 Language Reference section on CREATE DATABASE.  In the CREATE DATABASE Data Definition Language (DDL) scripts. Scripts that manipulate data by selecting, inserting, updating, deleting or performing data conversions, are called Data Manipulation Language (DML) scripts.

deal safely with expressions that contain NULL or may resolve to NULL. If you only need a quick reference to refresh your memory, go to the summary at the end of the guide. So — what is it? In SQL, NULL other than NULL. Chapter 1. What is NULL? 5 Chapter 2. NULL support in Firebird SQL Only a few language elements are purposely designed to give an unambiguous result with NULL (unambiguous in the sense WHILE clauses (the latter two are only available in PSQL, Firebird’s stored procedure and trigger language). 5.3.1. EXISTS EXISTS tells you whether a subquery returns at least one row of data. Suppose

(I <= 5) DO BEGIN SELECT LANGUAGE_REQ[:I] FROM JOB WHERE (JOB_CODE = :CODE) AND (JOB_GRADE = :GRADE) AND (JOB_COUNTRY = :CTY) AND (LANGUAGE_REQ IS NOT NULL)) INTO :LANGUAGES; gemischt werden, die nur eine Datei hinzufügen. Die Anweisung wurde in der alten InterBase 6 Language Reference falsch dokumentiert. Chapter 5. Anweisungen der Datendefinitionssprache (DDL) 99 Tabelle DEFAULT 0 NOT NULL, MAX_SALARY NUMERIC(18, 2) NOT NULL, JOB_REQUIREMENT BLOB SUB_TYPE 1, LANGUAGE_REQ VARCHAR(15) [1:5], PRIMARY KEY (JOB_CODE, JOB_GRADE), FOREIGN KEY (JOB_COUNTRY) REFERENCES

dialect 3 -104 336003077 sql_db_dialect_dtype_unsupport Database SQL dialect @1 does not support reference to @2 datatype -104 336003087 dsql_invalid_label Label @1 @2 in the current scope -104 336003088 parameter number -104 335544440 bad_msg_vec -104 335544456 invalid_sdl Invalid slice description language at offset @1 -104 335544570 dsql_command_err Invalid command -104 335544579 dsql_internal_err 335544591 dsql_tran_err Unknown transaction option -104 335544592 dsql_invalid_array Invalid array reference -104 335544608 command_end_err Unexpected end of command -104 335544612 token_err Token unknown

dialect 3 -104 336003077 sql_db_dialect_dtype_unsupport Database SQL dialect %d does not support reference to %s datatype -104 336003087 dsql_invalid_label Label %s %s in the current scope -104 336003088 parameter number -104 335544440 bad_msg_vec -104 335544456 invalid_sdl Invalid slice description language at offset %ld -104 335544570 dsql_command_err Invalid command -104 335544579 dsql_internal_err 335544591 dsql_tran_err Unknown transaction option -104 335544592 dsql_invalid_array Invalid array reference -104 335544608 command_end_err Unexpected end of command -104 335544612 token_err Token unknown

parameter number -104 335544440 bad_msg_vec -104 335544456 invalid_sdl Invalid slice description language at offset -104 335544570 dsql_command_err Invalid command -104 335544579 dsql_internal_err 335544591 dsql_tran_err Unknown transaction option -104 335544592 dsql_invalid_array Invalid array reference -104 335544608 command_end_err Unexpected end of command -104 335544612 token_err Token unknown Token unknown- line , char -104 335544709 dsql_agg_ref_err Invalid aggregate reference -104 335544714 invalid_array_id Invalid blob id -104 335544730 cse_not_supported Client/Server