nodes = flexibility to move shards with growth • Custom data access functions in application layer to choose appropriate shards, then map shard to node (Python) Postgres Conference China 2016 中国用户大会

nested within it: SELECT '[1, 2, [1, 3]]'::jsonb @> '[1, 3]'::jsonb; -- yields false -- But with a layer of nesting, it is contained: SELECT '[1, 2, [1, 3]]'::jsonb @> '[[1, 3]]'::jsonb; 186 Data Types [{"a": "b"}, 42] To append an array to another array as a single entry, wrap it in an additional layer of ar- ray, for example: '[1, 2]'::jsonb || jsonb_build_array('[3, 4]'::jsonb) → [1, 2, [3, 4]] this timeout on connections made through connection-pooling software or other middleware, as such a layer may not react well to unexpected connection closure. It may be helpful to enable this timeout only

nested within it: SELECT '[1, 2, [1, 3]]'::jsonb @> '[1, 3]'::jsonb; -- yields false -- But with a layer of nesting, it is contained: SELECT '[1, 2, [1, 3]]'::jsonb @> '[[1, 3]]'::jsonb; -- Similarly, containment [{"a": "b"}, 42] To append an array to another array as a single entry, wrap it in an additional layer of array, for example: '[1, 2]'::jsonb || jsonb_build_array('[3, 4]'::jsonb) → [1, 2, [3, 4]] jsonb this timeout on connections made through connection-pooling software or other middleware, as such a layer may not react well to unexpected connection closure. It may be helpful to enable this timeout only

nested within it: SELECT '[1, 2, [1, 3]]'::jsonb @> '[1, 3]'::jsonb; -- yields false -- But with a layer of nesting, it is contained: SELECT '[1, 2, [1, 3]]'::jsonb @> '[[1, 3]]'::jsonb; -- Similarly, containment [{"a": "b"}, 42] To append an array to another array as a single entry, wrap it in an additional layer of array, for example: '[1, 2]'::jsonb || jsonb_build_array('[3, 4]'::jsonb) → [1, 2, [3, 4]] jsonb this timeout on connections made through connection-pooling software or other middleware, as such a layer may not react well to unexpected connection closure. It may be helpful to enable this timeout only

nested within it: SELECT '[1, 2, [1, 3]]'::jsonb @> '[1, 3]'::jsonb; -- yields false -- But with a layer of nesting, it is contained: SELECT '[1, 2, [1, 3]]'::jsonb @> '[[1, 3]]'::jsonb; -- Similarly, containment [{"a": "b"}, 42] To append an array to another array as a single entry, wrap it in an additional layer of ar- ray, for example: '[1, 2]'::jsonb || jsonb_build_array('[3, 4]'::jsonb) → [1, 2, [3, 4]] this timeout on connections made through connection-pooling software or other middleware, as such a layer may not react well to unexpected connection closure. It may be helpful to enable this timeout only

nested within it: SELECT ’[1, 2, [1, 3]]’::jsonb @> ’[1, 3]’::jsonb; -- yields false -- But with a layer of nesting, it is contained: SELECT ’[1, 2, [1, 3]]’::jsonb @> ’[[1, 3]]’::jsonb; -- Similarly, containment public or another non-system schema. There is a new version of tsearch2 that provides a compatibility layer to solve most problems in this area. • The old tsearch2 functions and other objects must be suppressed application that chooses to provide its own notice receiver will typi- cally ignore the notice processor layer and just do all the work in the notice receiver. The function PQsetNoticeReceiver sets or examines

nested within it: SELECT ’[1, 2, [1, 3]]’::jsonb @> ’[1, 3]’::jsonb; -- yields false -- But with a layer of nesting, it is contained: SELECT ’[1, 2, [1, 3]]’::jsonb @> ’[[1, 3]]’::jsonb; -- Similarly, containment public or another non-system schema. There is a new version of tsearch2 that provides a compatibility layer to solve most problems in this area. • The old tsearch2 functions and other objects must be suppressed application that chooses to provide its own notice receiver will typically ignore the notice processor layer and just do all the work in the notice receiver. The function PQsetNoticeReceiver sets or examines

nested within it: SELECT '[1, 2, [1, 3]]'::jsonb @> '[1, 3]'::jsonb; -- yields false -- But with a layer of nesting, it is contained: SELECT '[1, 2, [1, 3]]'::jsonb @> '[[1, 3]]'::jsonb; -- Similarly, containment [{"a": "b"}, 42] To append an array to another array as a single entry, wrap it in an additional layer of array, for example: '[1, 2]'::jsonb || jsonb_build_array('[3, 4]'::jsonb) → [1, 2, [3, 4]] jsonb this timeout on connections made through connection-pooling software or other middleware, as such a layer may not react well to unexpected connection closure. It may be helpful to enable this timeout only

nested within it: SELECT '[1, 2, [1, 3]]'::jsonb @> '[1, 3]'::jsonb; -- yields false -- But with a layer of nesting, it is contained: SELECT '[1, 2, [1, 3]]'::jsonb @> '[[1, 3]]'::jsonb; 184 Data Types [{"a": "b"}, 42] To append an array to another array as a single entry, wrap it in an additional layer of ar- ray, for example: '[1, 2]'::jsonb || jsonb_build_array('[3, 4]'::jsonb) → [1, 2, [3, 4]] this timeout on connections made through connection-pooling software or other middleware, as such a layer may not react well to unexpected connection closure. It may be helpful to enable this timeout only

nested within it: SELECT '[1, 2, [1, 3]]'::jsonb @> '[1, 3]'::jsonb; -- yields false -- But with a layer of nesting, it is contained: SELECT '[1, 2, [1, 3]]'::jsonb @> '[[1, 3]]'::jsonb; 183 Data Types [{"a": "b"}, 42] To append an array to another array as a single entry, wrap it in an additional layer of ar- ray, for example: '[1, 2]'::jsonb || jsonb_build_array('[3, 4]'::jsonb) → [1, 2, [3, 4]] this timeout on connections made through connection-pooling software or other middleware, as such a layer may not react well to unexpected connection closure. It may be helpful to enable this timeout only