(TRUE, ’sic est’); INSERT INTO test1 VALUES (FALSE, ’non est’); SELECT * FROM test1; a | b ---+--------- t | sic est f | non est SELECT * FROM test1 WHERE a; a | b ---+--------- t | sic est Example 8-2 which is then rotated to PST (UTC-8) for display. The second example takes a time stamp specified in EST (UTC-5) and converts it to local time in MST (UTC-7). The function timezone(zone, timestamp) is equivalent string rather than a timestamp value: SELECT timeofday(); Result: Sat Feb 17 19:07:32.000126 2001 EST It is important to know that CURRENT_TIMESTAMP and related functions return the start time of the

INTO test1 VALUES (TRUE, ’sic est’); INSERT INTO test1 VALUES (FALSE, ’non est’); SELECT * FROM test1; a | b ---+--------- t | sic est 97 Chapter 8. Data Types f | non est SELECT * FROM test1 WHERE a; a; a | b ---+--------- t | sic est Example 8-2 shows that boolean values are output using the letters t and f. Tip: Values of the boolean type cannot be cast directly to other types (e.g., CAST (boolval which is then rotated to PST (UTC-8) for display. The second example takes a time stamp specified in EST (UTC-5) and converts it to local time in MST (UTC-7). The function timezone(zone, timestamp) is equivalent

(TRUE, ’sic est’); INSERT INTO test1 VALUES (FALSE, ’non est’); SELECT * FROM test1; a | b ---+--------- t | sic est f | non est SELECT * FROM test1 WHERE a; a | b ---+--------- t | sic est Example 8-2 which is then converted to PST (UTC-8) for display. The second example takes a time stamp specified in EST (UTC-5) and converts it to local time in MST (UTC-7). The function timezone(zone, timestamp) is equivalent string rather than a timestamp value: SELECT timeofday(); Result: Sat Feb 17 19:07:32.000126 2001 EST 172 Chapter 9. Functions and Operators All the date/time data types also accept the special literal

(TRUE, ’sic est’); INSERT INTO test1 VALUES (FALSE, ’non est’); SELECT * FROM test1; a | b ---+--------- t | sic est f | non est SELECT * FROM test1 WHERE a; a | b ---+--------- t | sic est Example 8-2 which is then converted to PST (UTC-8) for display. The second example takes a time stamp specified in EST (UTC-5) and converts it to local time in MST (UTC-7). The function timezone(zone, timestamp) is equivalent string rather than a timestamp value: SELECT timeofday(); Result: Sat Feb 17 19:07:32.000126 2001 EST All the date/time data types also accept the special literal value now to specify the current date

any) contain only outer-level variables: the aggregate then belongs to the near- 49 SQL Syntax est such outer level, and is evaluated over the rows of that query. The aggregate expression as a whole Daylight Time (UTC-4). So 2014-06-04 12:00 EDT specifies that same time instant. But 2014-06-04 12:00 EST specifies noon Eastern Standard Time (UTC-5), regardless of whether daylight savings was nominally according to whatever they meant (or had most recently meant) on the specified date; but, as with the EST example above, this is not necessarily the same as local civil time on that date. In all cases, timezone

any) contain only outer-level variables: the aggregate then belongs to the near- 49 SQL Syntax est such outer level, and is evaluated over the rows of that query. The aggregate expression as a whole Daylight Time (UTC-4). So 2014-06-04 12:00 EDT specifies that same time instant. But 2014-06-04 12:00 EST specifies noon Eastern Standard Time (UTC-5), regardless of whether daylight savings was nominally according to whatever they meant (or had most recently meant) on the specified date; but, as with the EST example above, this is not necessarily the same as local civil time on that date. 165 Data Types

daylight-savings zone abbreviation, assumed to stand for one hour ahead of the given offset. For example, if EST5EDT were not already a recognized zone name, it would be accepted and would be functionally equiva- Daylight Time (UTC-4). So 2014-06-04 12:00 EDT specifies that same time instant. But 2014-06-04 12:00 EST specifies noon Eastern Standard Time (UTC-5), regardless of whether daylight savings was nominally according to whatever they meant (or had most recently meant) on the specified date; but, as with the EST example above, this is not necessarily the same as local civil time on that date. One should be wary

filter_clause if any) contain only outer-level variables: the aggregate then belongs to the near- est such outer level, and is evaluated over the rows of that query. The aggregate expression as a whole Daylight Time (UTC-4). So 2014-06-04 12:00 EDT specifies that same time instant. But 2014-06-04 12:00 EST specifies noon Eastern Standard Time (UTC-5), regardless of whether daylight savings was nominally according to whatever they meant (or had most recently meant) on the specified date; but, as with the EST example above, this is not necessarily the same as local civil time on that date. In all cases, timezone

Daylight Time (UTC-4). So 2014-06-04 12:00 EDT specifies that same time instant. But 2014-06-04 12:00 EST specifies noon Eastern Standard Time (UTC-5), regardless of whether daylight savings was nominally according to whatever they meant (or had most recently meant) on the specified date; but, as with the EST example above, this is not necessarily the same as local civil time on that date. In all cases, timezone INTO test1 VALUES (TRUE, ’sic est’); INSERT INTO test1 VALUES (FALSE, ’non est’); 141 Chapter 8. Data Types SELECT * FROM test1; a | b ---+--------- t | sic est f | non est SELECT * FROM test1 WHERE a;

filter_clause if any) contain only outer-level variables: the aggregate then belongs to the near- est such outer level, and is evaluated over the rows of that query. The aggregate expression as a whole Daylight Time (UTC-4). So 2014-06-04 12:00 EDT specifies that same time instant. But 2014-06-04 12:00 EST specifies noon Eastern Standard Time (UTC-5), regardless of whether daylight savings was nominally they meant (or had most 172 Data Types recently meant) on the specified date; but, as with the EST example above, this is not necessarily the same as local civil time on that date. In all cases, timezone