一篇你对测试开发工作感兴趣，想了解系统工作逻辑的文章。 一篇是你在开始动手搭建环境前需要了解各工具原理的文章。 这是一篇你真正开始前需要查阅的文章。 本文介绍了前后端工作原理，前后端搭建的流程、搭建过程中需要用到的技术以及 开发环境版本。 一、前后端如何工作 Django、Vue 和 Element UI 前后 端原理论述  作者：M&T. 2 《51 测试天地》七十四 www.51testing Framework 是 Django 的扩展，用于快速构建 RESTful API 接口。通过 Rest Framework，可以定义 API 视图和序列化器，实现数据的序列化和反序列化，从而方便地 与前端进行数据交互。 MySQL 是一个关系型数据库，用于存储后端的数据。 前端开发（Vue+Element UI）： Vue 是一种现代的 JavaScript 框架，用于构建用户界面。Vue 提供了丰富的组件和模 返回响应数据给前端。 前端接收到后端返回的数据，并根据数据更新页面展示，实现与用户的交互。 总体而言，这种前后端分离的开发模式有助于实现前后端开发的解耦，使得各自的 开发工作更加专注和高效。前端负责用户界面的呈现和交互，后端负责数据处理和业务 逻辑，通过 API 接口进行数据传输和交互，从而实现一个完整的 Web 应用。 3 《51 测试天地》七十四 www.51testing.com

实现一个数据库驱动的 Web 应用。 为了让您充分理解 Django 的工作原理，这份文档为您详细描述了相关的技术细节，不过这并不是 一份入门教程或者是参考文档（我们当然也为您准备了这些）。如果您想要马上开始一个项目，可以 从 实例教程（zh）开始入手，或者直接开始阅读详细的参考文档。 Django 无需数据库就可以使用，它提供了对象关系映射器（ORM）。通过此技术，你可以使用 Python self.headline 然后，运行 Django 命令行工具来创建数据库表。 1. $ python manage.py migrate migrate 命令会查找所有可用的模型，如果数据库中没有与之对应的表，则会为其自动创建。 Django 也提供了其他更丰富的控制方式。 接下来，你就可以使用一套便捷而丰富的 Python API 用于访问你的数据。这些 API 是自动即时 创建的，你不用编写其他任何代码。 - 8 - 本文档使用 书栈(BookStack.CN) 构建 当你的模型完成定义，Django 就会自动生成一个专业的生产级管理页面 - 一个可以让已认证用户 进行添加、更改和删除对象的 Web 站点。你只需简单的在 admin 站点上注册你的模型即可。 1. # mysite/news/models.py 2. 3. from django.db import models 4

Django provides an abstraction layer (the “models”) for structuring and manipulating the data of your Web application. Learn more about it below: Models: Introduction to models | Field types | Meta options documentation generator Security Security is a topic of paramount importance in the development of Web applications and Django provides multiple protection tools and mechanisms: Security overview Disclosed multiple languages and world regions: Overview | Internationalization | Localization | Localized Web UI formatting and form input “Local flavor” Time zones Performance and optimization There are a

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 1.14 Common Web application tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 1.15 Django provides an abstraction layer (the “models”) for structuring and manipulating the data of your Web application. Learn more about it below: 1 Django Documentation, Release 1.8.20.dev20180306181007 documentation generator 1.9 Security Security is a topic of paramount importance in the development of Web applications and Django provides multiple protection tools and mechanisms: • Security overview •

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 1.15 Common Web application tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 1.16 • Tutorials take you by the hand through a series of steps to create a Web application. Start here if you’re new to Django or Web application development. Also look at the “First steps” below. • Topic Django provides an abstraction layer (the “models”) for structuring and manipulating the data of your Web application. Learn more about it below: • Models: Introduction to models | Field types | Meta options

things: Tutorials take you by the hand through a series of steps to create a Web application. Start here if you’re new to Django or Web application development. Also look at the “First steps” below. Topic guides Django provides an abstraction layer (the “models”) for structuring and manipulating the data of your Web application. Learn more about it below: Models: Introduction to models | Field types | Meta options documentation generator Security Security is a topic of paramount importance in the development of Web applications and Django provides multiple protection tools and mechanisms: Security overview Disclosed

things: Tutorials take you by the hand through a series of steps to create a Web application. Start here if you’re new to Django or Web application development. Also look at the “First steps” below. Topic guides Django provides an abstraction layer (the “models”) for structuring and manipulating the data of your Web application. Learn more about it below: Models: Introduction to models | Field types | Indexes | Meta documentation generator Security Security is a topic of paramount importance in the development of Web applications and Django provides multiple protection tools and mechanisms: Security overview Disclosed

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 1.15 Common Web application tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 1.16 • Tutorials take you by the hand through a series of steps to create a Web application. Start here if you’re new to Django or Web application development. Also look at the “First steps” below. • Topic Django provides an abstraction layer (the “models”) for structuring and manipulating the data of your Web application. Learn more about it below: • Models: Introduction to models | Field types | Indexes |

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 1.14 Common Web application tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 1.15 • Tutorials take you by the hand through a series of steps to create a Web application. Start here if you’re new to Django or Web application development. Also look at the “First steps” below. • Topic Django provides an abstraction layer (the “models”) for structuring and manipulating the data of your Web application. Learn more about it below: • Models: Introduction to models | Field types | Indexes |

things: Tutorials take you by the hand through a series of steps to create a Web application. Start here if you’re new to Django or Web application development. Also look at the “First steps” below. Topic guides Django provides an abstraction layer (the “models”) for structuring and manipulating the data of your Web application. Learn more about it below: Models: Introduction to models | Field types | Indexes | Meta documentation generator Security Security is a topic of paramount importance in the development of Web applications and Django provides multiple protection tools and mechanisms: Security overview Disclosed