测试天地》七十四 www.51testing.com 后端开发（Django+Rest Framework+MySQL）： Django 负责处理 HTTP 请求和响应，以及 URL 路由的配置。它接收来自前端的 HTTP 请求，并根据 URL 将请求分发给相应的视图函数进行处理。 Rest Framework 是 Django 的扩展，用于快速构建 RESTful API 接口。通过 Rest Framework，可以定义 组件库，提供了丰富的预定义组件，用于快速搭建 美观的用户界面。 前后端交互： 后端通过 Django Rest Framework 提供 API 接口，前端通过 Vue 发起 HTTP 请求调用 这些 API 接口。 前端通过 HTTP 请求向后端发送数据请求，后端根据请求进行相应的数据处理，并 返回响应数据给前端。 前端接收到后端返回的数据，并根据数据更新页面展示，实现与用户的交互。 总体而言，这种前后端分离的开发模 安装依赖非常简单，只需要运行一个命令即可，而不需 要手动管理依赖的安装。 提供更友好的命令行界面：Pipenv 提供了一组易于使用的命令，使得包管理和虚拟 环境管理更加直观和简便。 支持开发模式：Pipenv 支持将项目的开发依赖和运行时依赖分开，这样可以减少项 目打包时的冗余依赖。 3、Django Rest Framework 介绍 Django Rest Framework（简称 DRF）是一个用于构建

中的参数值。当一个用户请求页面时，Django 会顺序遍历这些匹配模式，直至模式和请求的 URL 成功匹配。（如果全部模式都无法匹配，Django 会返回一个404视图。）这个过程会在瞬间完成， 因为这些正则表达式在启动时就被编译了。 一旦其中一个正则表达式匹配成功，Django 就会导入并调用指定的视图——那是一个简单的 Python 函数。视图会被传进一个请求（requeset）对象 ——其中包含了请求元数据——和正则表达式匹配到的 那些参数值。 比如，如果用户请求了“/articles/2005/05/39323/”这样的 URL，Django 就会这样调用函 数：news.views.article_detail(request, ‘2005’, ‘05’, ‘39323’)。 视图函数的执行结果只可能有两种：返回一个包含请求页面内容的 HttpResponse 对象；或者是抛 runserver 0:8000 0 是 0.0.0.0 的快捷方式。想了解更多关于这个用于开发的服务器的内容可以参考 runserver。 会自动重载的服务器 用于开发的服务器在需要的情况下会对每一次的访问请求重新载入一遍 Python 代码。所以你不需要为了让修改的代码生效而频繁地 重启服务器。但是像添加新文件这样的动作，不会触发自动重载，这时你就需要手动重启服务器了。 现在你的开发环境 —— 一个“项目”

YEAR_IN_SCHOOL_CHOICES = [ ("FR", "Freshman"), ("SO", "Sophomore"), ("JR", "Junior"), ("SR", "Senior"), ("GR", "Graduate"), ] Note A new migration is created each time the order of choices or a combined language and country specification of the form ll_CC. Examples: it, de_AT, es, pt_BR, sr_Latn. The language part is always in lowercase. The country part is in titlecase if it has more than example, the PROJ string for the Google projection (900913 or 3857) [https://spatialreference.org/ref/sr-org/6864/prj/] requires the null grid file only included in the extra datum shifting files. It is easier

YEAR_IN_SCHOOL_CHOICES = [ ('FR', 'Freshman'), ('SO', 'Sophomore'), ('JR', 'Junior'), ('SR', 'Senior'), ('GR', 'Graduate'), ] Note A new migration is created each time the order of choices YEAR_IN_SCHOOL_CHOICES = [ ('FR', 'Freshman'), ('SO', 'Sophomore'), ('JR', 'Junior'), ('SR', 'Senior'), ('GR', 'Graduate'), ] Generally, it’s best to define choices inside a model class class Student(models.Model): FRESHMAN = 'FR' SOPHOMORE = 'SO' JUNIOR = 'JR' SENIOR = 'SR' GRADUATE = 'GR' YEAR_IN_SCHOOL_CHOICES = [ (FRESHMAN, 'Freshman'), (SOPHOMORE

this: YEAR_IN_SCHOOL_CHOICES = [ ("FR", "Freshman"), ("SO", "Sophomore"), ("JR", "Junior"), ("SR", "Senior"), ("GR", "Graduate"), ] 3.2. Models and databases 111 Django Documentation, Release or a combined language and country specification of the form ll_CC. Examples: it, de_AT, es, pt_BR, sr_Latn. The language part is always in lowercase. The country part is in titlecase if it has more than For example: YEAR_IN_SCHOOL_CHOICES = { "FR": "Freshman", "SO": "Sophomore", "JR": "Junior", "SR": "Senior", "GR": "Graduate", } You can also pass a sequence consisting itself of iterables of exactly

YEAR_IN_SCHOOL_CHOICES = [ ("FR", "Freshman"), ("SO", "Sophomore"), ("JR", "Junior"), ("SR", "Senior"), ("GR", "Graduate"), ] Note A new migration is created each time the order of choices or a combined language and country specification of the form ll_CC. Examples: it, de_AT, es, pt_BR, sr_Latn. The language part is always in lowercase. The country part is in titlecase if it has more than example: YEAR_IN_SCHOOL_CHOICES = { "FR": "Freshman", "SO": "Sophomore", "JR": "Junior", "SR": "Senior", "GR": "Graduate", } You can also pass a sequence [https://docs.python.org/3/glossary

this: YEAR_IN_SCHOOL_CHOICES = [ ("FR", "Freshman"), ("SO", "Sophomore"), ("JR", "Junior"), ("SR", "Senior"), ("GR", "Graduate"), ] 3.2. Models and databases 111 Django Documentation, Release or a combined language and country specification of the form ll_CC. Examples: it, de_AT, es, pt_BR, sr_Latn. The language part is always in lowercase. The country part is in titlecase if it has more than For example: YEAR_IN_SCHOOL_CHOICES = { "FR": "Freshman", "SO": "Sophomore", "JR": "Junior", "SR": "Senior", "GR": "Graduate", } You can also pass a sequence consisting itself of iterables of exactly

YEAR_IN_SCHOOL_CHOICES = [ ("FR", "Freshman"), ("SO", "Sophomore"), ("JR", "Junior"), ("SR", "Senior"), ("GR", "Graduate"), ] Note A new migration is created each time the order of choices or a combined language and country specification of the form ll_CC. Examples: it, de_AT, es, pt_BR, sr_Latn. The language part is always in lowercase. The country part is in titlecase if it has more than example: YEAR_IN_SCHOOL_CHOICES = { "FR": "Freshman", "SO": "Sophomore", "JR": "Junior", "SR": "Senior", "GR": "Graduate", } You can also pass a sequence [https://docs.python.org/3/glossary

this: YEAR_IN_SCHOOL_CHOICES = [ ("FR", "Freshman"), ("SO", "Sophomore"), ("JR", "Junior"), ("SR", "Senior"), ("GR", "Graduate"), ] Note: A new migration is created each time the order of choices or a combined language and country specification of the form ll_CC. Examples: it, de_AT, es, pt_BR, sr_Latn. The language part is always in lowercase. The country part is in titlecase if it has more than For example: YEAR_IN_SCHOOL_CHOICES = { "FR": "Freshman", "SO": "Sophomore", "JR": "Junior", "SR": "Senior", "GR": "Graduate", } You can also pass a sequence consisting itself of iterables of exactly

like this: YEAR_IN_SCHOOL_CHOICES = [ ('FR', 'Freshman'), ('SO', 'Sophomore'), ('JR', 'Junior'), ('SR', 'Senior'), ('GR', 'Graduate'), ] Note: A new migration is created each time the order of choices or a combined language and country specification of the form ll_CC. Examples: it, de_AT, es, pt_BR, sr_Latn. The language part is always in lowercase. The country part is in titlecase if it has more than dev20230214085346 YEAR_IN_SCHOOL_CHOICES = [ ('FR', 'Freshman'), ('SO', 'Sophomore'), ('JR', 'Junior'), ('SR', 'Senior'), ('GR', 'Graduate'), ] Generally, it’s best to define choices inside a model class, and