An array of Work Contracts (each with their own logic and, if needed, data, queue, etc) ○ A Signal Tree (which has as many leaf nodes as there are work contracts in the group) ● Threads are brought Logic(Data) Execute Logic(Data) Thread Thread Pool Thread ThreadThread Thread Thread Back Front The Signal Tree: ● Lock Free with most operations also wait free ○ Allows MT traversal without locks and therefore An array of Work Contracts (each with their own logic and, if needed, data, queue, etc) ○ A Signal Tree (which has as many leaf nodes as there are work contracts in the group) ● Threads are brought

template 7 constexpr auto signal(auto ...) -> void { 8 handled = true; 9 } 10 }; 11 12 } 13 template <> 14 template 7 constexpr auto signal(auto ...) -> void { 8 handled = true; 9 } 10 }; 11 12 } 13 template <> 14 template constexpr auto signal(auto ...) -> void { handled = true; } }; } 1 2 template

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Basic steps: – Arrange – Act – Assert33 Arrange: Set up Widget TEST_CASE("GoToLineTool emits signal when Go button clicked") { // -------------------------------------------------------- // Arrange &GoToLineTool::activated) Qt Signal = “special method for announcing changes” Qt Slot = “special method for responding to changes”36 Arrange: Listen to activate() signal // Enable tracking of one signal // New-style &GoToLineTool::activated); REQUIRE(activatedSpy.isValid()); // Qt4-style code //QSignalSpy activatedSpy(&widget, SIGNAL(activated(int))); //REQUIRE(activatedSpy.isValid());37 Act: Generate user events 1 7 // -----

/test/test-failed-assert.cpp:9: float fact(float): Assertion `x != 0.0' failed. Program received signal SIGABRT, Aborted. __pthread_kill_implementation (threadid=281474842450080, signo=signo@entry=6 /test/test-failed-assert.cpp:9: float fact(float): Assertion `x != 0.0' failed. Program received signal SIGABRT, Aborted. __pthread_kill_implementation (threadid=281474842450080, signo=signo@entry=6 /test/test-failed-assert.cpp:9: float fact(float): Assertion `x != 0.0' failed. Program received signal SIGABRT, Aborted. __pthread_kill_implementation (threadid=281474842450080, signo=signo@entry=6

done_as_optional(sender) → sender … commutes the done signal into a nullopt. done_as_error(sender, error) → sender … commutes the done signal into an error.19 SENDER/RECEIVER CONTROL FLOW20 BASIC The cancellation “exception” is “caught” by applying a sender adaptor that translates the done signal into a value or an error before awaiting the sender; e.g., with: • std::execution::done_as_optional() inline std::atomic pending_{nullptr}; static BOOL WINAPI consoleHandler(DWORD signal) { if (signal == CTRL_C_EVENT) { if (auto* pending = pending_.exchange(nullptr)) pending->complete();

So during this initialization lap something happened which apparently caused the steering control signal to go to NaN and subsequently the steering locked to the maximum value to the right.NaNNaNNaNNaN expected {1, 1, 3, 4, 5, 9}; bogosort(actual.begin(), actual.end()); assert(actual == expected);std::signal(SIGALRM, [](int) {assert(false);}); alarm(???); std::vector actual {3, 1, 4, 1, 5, 9}; const std::vector expected {1, 1, 3, 4, 5, 9}; bogosort(actual.begin(), actual.end()); assert(actual == expected);std::signal(SIGALRM, [](int) {assert(false);}); alarm(ENDOFTIME); std::vector actual {3, 1, 4, 1, 5, 9}; const

1682563242000000000: 7 items - trade_size:5 - price:4086.2 - trade_size:5 - price:4086.7 - signal:1.2 - order_size:1 - price:4086.7Software design with pybindingsBasic thought process ● Define reader.getIdName(item.id) # int => string ... some logic print("average signal change is " + str(sum_sig_change_by_trade_size / count))Some analysis code if id_name == "trade_size": cur_trade_size += item.value() if id_name == "signal": if last_px != 0: sig_change = abs(item.value() - last_px)

handling std::cout << divide(4, 2) << "\n"; // std::cout << divide(1, 0); // Program terminated with signal: SIGFPE // Exceptions try { std::cout << divide_try(1, 0); } catch (std::exception const& handling std::cout << divide(4, 2) << "\n"; // std::cout << divide(1, 0); // Program terminated with signal: SIGFPE // Exceptions try { std::cout << divide_try(1, 0); } catch (std::exception const& handling std::cout << divide(4, 2) << "\n"; // std::cout << divide(1, 0); // Program terminated with signal: SIGFPE // Exceptions try { std::cout << divide_try(1, 0); } catch (std::exception const&

cppreference.com/w/cpp/language/storage_duration#Static_local_variablesCondition Variables A way to signal an event between 2 or more threads 93Condition Variables (1/4) ● Perhaps a stranger thing when update our result (i.e., do our work), and then change notified. At the end, we notify_one() to signal to our reporter that the reporter thread no longer needs to waitCondition Variables (4/4) ● Perhaps from forgetting to ‘unlock’ a lock (Uses RAII to release lock) ● condition_variable ○ A way to ‘signal’ between multiple threads when work is done ● std::atomic ○ Useful for primitive types we want

CsString ■ support for UTF-8 and UTF-16, extensible to other encodings ○ CsSignal ■ thread aware signal / slot library ○ CsLibGuarded ■ library for managing access to data shared between threadsLambda standalone C++ library for rendering graphics on the GPU ● CsSignal Library ○ standalone thread aware signal/slot library ● CsString Library ○ standalone unicode aware string library ● CsLibGuarded ○ standalone