Tree: ● Internal nodes have two children ● Leaf nodes all at the same level Leaf Nodes Represent Signals: ● Zero indicates reset (off) ● One indicates set (on) Child Sum Property: ● Internal nodes Tree: ● Internal nodes have two children ● Leaf nodes all at the same level Leaf Nodes Represent Signals: ● Zero indicates reset (off) ● One indicates set (on) Child Sum Property: ● Internal nodes Tree: ● Internal nodes have two children ● Leaf nodes all at the same level Leaf Nodes Represent Signals: ● Zero indicates reset (off) ● One indicates set (on) Child Sum Property: ● Internal nodes

2023-10-03 343. Internal iteration Idea: Don’t store intermediate results, immediately pass them to caller. Jonathan Müller — @foonathan Express your expectations CppCon 2023-10-03 353. Internal iteration (break_exception) {} } } Jonathan Müller — @foonathan Express your expectations CppCon 2023-10-03 363. Internal iteration template auto filter(const Rng& rng, Fn predicate) { return sink(x); }); }; } Jonathan Müller — @foonathan Express your expectations CppCon 2023-10-03 373. Internal iteration template auto transform(const Rng& rng, Fn fn) { return

not support with internal, protected internal and private protected 171The beauty of friend • C# has access qualifiers that C++ does not support with internal, protected internal and private protected protected • internal means accessible only to the class itself or to others in the same assembly (executable, .dll) 172The beauty of friend • C# has access qualifiers that C++ does not support with internal internal, protected internal and private protected • internal means accessible only to the class itself or to others in the same assembly (executable, .dll) • protected internal means accessible only

Within 28 Insights Anatomy of a Hash Function 1. Initialize internal state 2. Consume bytes into internal state 3. Finalize internal state to result type (usually size_t)2024 Victor Ciura | @ciura_victor std::size_t len) { std::size_t h = 14695981039346656037u; ⇐ initialize internal state // consume bytes into internal state: unsigned char const * p = static_cast(key); e = p + len; for (; p < e; ++p) h = (h ^ *p) * 1099511628211u; return h; ⇐ finalize internal state to size_t }2024 Victor Ciura | @ciura_victor - Unleashing 🦀 The Ferris Within 30 Anatomy

w", no_init) .def("nanotime", &Row::nanotime) .def("items", &Row::items, return_internal_reference<>()); class_>("cpp::vector") .def(vector_indexing_s data ● Configure your class’ parameters ● Do a lot of complex work inside a “hot path” ● Fetch internal state of your data structureArguments to functions ● Can be int / float / std::vector no_init) .def("nanotime", &RowRef::nanotime) .def("items", &RowRef::items, return_internal_reference<>()); class_>("cpp::vector").def(vector_indexing_suit

VertexID from; VertexID to; EdgeWeight weight; }; class TerminateAtGoal { public: /// Resets internal state; sets start and goal vertices template void reset(G&& graph, VertexID s VertexID from; VertexID to; EdgeWeight weight; }; class TerminateAtGoal { public: /// Resets internal state; sets start and goal vertices template void reset(G&& graph, VertexID s EdgeWeight w); 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 /// Resets internal state; sets start and goal vertices template void reset(G&& graph, VertexID s

necessary interfaces only. Easier to Use Users see only what they need to. Improves Maintainability Internal changes don’t affect external code. Easier to Debug Data modifications happens internally, in tend to change: A person may be identified by SSN or Passport number. The person shall hold an internal Id object that would hold either an SSN number or passport details. (What’s the problem, still with. Takeaway 34 Hiding your Implementation Details, Amir Kirsh @ CppCon, 202435 API (including internal API of all kinds!) Hiding your Implementation Details, Amir Kirsh @ CppCon, 2024Hyrum's Law 36

K E W B C O M P U T I N G Linkage • A name can have one of three kinds of linkage – external, internal, no(ne) • External linkage • An entity denoted by a name with external linkage can be referred translation units, or from other scopes in the same translation unit • Internal linkage • An entity denoted by a name with internal linkage can be referred to by names from scopes in the same translation linkageCopyright © 2020 Bob Steagall K E W B C O M P U T I N G 45 CppCon 2020 - The Structure of a Program Internal Linkage // my_header.h //------------ int f(int i); // declares function f extern int const

try_get_first_available_module minkernel\crts\ucrt\src\appcrt\internal\winapi_thunks.cpp:271 #5 0xa5ae99 in try_get_function minkernel\crts\ucrt\src\appcrt\internal\winapi_thunks.cpp:326 #6 0xa5b028 in __acr Internal minkernel\crts\ucrt\src\appcrt\internal\winapi_thunks.cpp:737 #7 0xa606ad in __acrt_get_process_end_policy minkernel\crts\ucrt\src\appcrt\internal\win_policies.cpp:84 #8 0xa52dcb in e Container overflow: fc Array cookie: ac Intra object redzone: bb ASan internal: fe Left alloca redzone: ca Right alloca redzone: cb Shadow gap:

4445ITERATION REVISITED INTERNAL ITERATION ▸ The Flux sequence protocol has an extra, optional customisation point: for_each_while(predicate) ▸ This instructs the sequence to perform internal iteration until until the predicate returns false ▸ Many sequence adaptors can perform internal iteration more efficiently than by a check/ read/advance loop ▸ Many algorithms can be written in terms for for_each_while REVISITED AVOIDING BOUNDS CHECKING ▸ Implementations of for_each_while() typically don’t need internal bounds- checking ▸ In most other cases, the compiler an optimise away bounds checks ▸ But what