Class Layout Copyright © 2020 by Stephen C. Dewhurst and Daniel Saks 1 Class Layout Steve Dewhurst Semantics Consulting, Inc. www.stevedewhurst.com 1 Copyright © 2020 by Stephen C. Dewhurst and Daniel Daniel Saks C++ Classes  Only non-static data declarations in a class definition add anything to the size of class objects. class HR { public: ~~~ void terminator(Salary *, Hourly *, Temp *); private: Stephen C. Dewhurst and Daniel Saks 1 7Class Layout Copyright © 2020 by Stephen C. Dewhurst and Daniel Saks 2 sizeof(Class Object)  sizeof applied to the HR class yields the same result as sizeof applied

(int i : iota(2) | filter(even) | transform(square)) std::cout << i << ' '; 1 2 3 456template <class T> concept GravitationalBody = requires(T const t) { { t.GetMass() } -> std::floating_point; GetLocation() } -> std::same_as; { t.GetVelocity() } -> std::same_as; }; template <class T> concept GravitationalRange = GravitationalBody>; 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 construction. ranges::enable_view is true. template <class T> concept range = requires(T& t) { ranges::begin(t); ranges::end(t); }; template <class T> concept view = ranges::range &&

about? // the easy case import std; // or #include , , , class Character { std::string name_; int life_; public: constexpr Character(std::string_view suffer (among other things)What this is about? // the easy case // ... class Character { /* ... */ }; class Orc; class Hero : Character { int strength_; public: constexpr Hero(std::string_view hit an OrcWhat this is about? // the easy case // ... class Character { /* ... */ }; class Orc; class Hero : Character { /* ... */ }; class Orc : Character { int strength_; public: constexpr

it is a recipe for making things • C++ provides six kinds of templates • Function templates • Class templates • Member function templates • Alias template • Variable templates • Lambda templates definitions are permitted" • Exactly one definition of a class must appear in any translation unit that uses it in such a way that the class must be complete • The rules for inline variables and functions parameters to create a template specialization 6 template<class T1, class T2> struct pair { T1 first; T2 second; ... }; template<class T> T const& max(T const& a, T const& b) { ... } pair

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heard… • This talk is about some of the things C++ does right 15 Me, promoting my CppCon 2020 class: https://twitter.com/PatriceRoy1/status/1296153449235652609?s=20You might have heard… • This talk elegance • Situation: we have a game with all sorts of monsters • We made a class hierarchy managed within objects of a pImpl class named Monster (Do as the ints do!) • Write to me if you don’t know how elegance // if we were in C# using System; using System.IO; using static System.Console; // recent C# class Program { static void Main() { Write(File.ReadAllText("z.cs")); } } 39A word about beauty and

functions 16 template<class T> T const& min(T const& a, T const& b); { return (a < b) ? a : b; } template<class T> void swap(T& a, T& b); template<class RandomIt, class Compare> void sort(RandomIt 2021 Bob Steagall Class Templates (C++98/03) • Recipes for making classes 17 template<class T, size_t N> struct array {...}; template<class T, class Alloc = allocator> class vector {...}; templateclass Key, class Val, class Compare = less, class Allocator = allocator>> class map {...};CppCon 2021 – Back to Basics: Templates – Part 1 Copyright © 2021 Bob Steagall

314 別㆟怎麼說 / 317 為什麼使用 Application Framework / 321 Microsoft Foundation Class（MFC） / 324 白頭宮女話㆝寶：Visual C++ 與 MFC / 327 縱覽 MFC / 329 General Purpose 会在各个Wizards 上按来按去，却不懂所谓message loop 与window procedure 的人， 不可能搞定Windows 程序设计-- 不管你用的是MFC 或OWL 或Open Class Library，不管你用的是Visual C++ 或Borland C++ 或VisualAge C++。 你需要什么软硬件环境 一套Windows 95（或Windows NT）操作系统当然是必须的，中英文皆可。此外，你需 C++ 5.0 让我们使用同一种语言 要在计算机书籍不可或缺的英文术语与流利顺畅的中文解说之间保持一个平衡，是多么不 容易的一件事。我曾经以为我通过了最大的考验，但每次总有新鲜事儿发生。是该叫class 好呢？还是叫「类别」好？该叫object 好呢？还是叫「对象」好？framework 难道该译 为框架吗？Document 译为「文件」，可也，可View 是什么碗糕？我很伤脑筋耶。考 虑

B2B and SD tracks Email: klaus.iglberger@gmx.deContent 3 Back to Basics: Class Design (Part 1) The Challenge of Class Design Design Guidelines Design for Readability Design for Change and Extension Extension Design for Testability Implementation Guidelines Resource Management Back to Basics: Class Design (Part 2) Implementation Guidelines Data Member Initialization Implicit Conversions Order Qualified/Modified Member Data Visibility vs. AccessibilityThe Challenge of Class Design 4 Back to Basics: Class Design (Part 1) The Challenge of Class Design Design Guidelines Design for Readability Design for

1 / 58Template Metaprogramming (TMP) Template Metaprogramming (TMP) template<class... Ts> using meta_fun = this_talk; 2 / 58❓static_assert(Template::Metaprogramming::is_hard); // ✔ 3 / 58❓s 58[Examples] Standard Template Library (STL) [Examples] Standard Template Library (STL) template<class... Ts> template<class T> constexpr variant::variant(T&& t) : index{find_index} // Powered by Library (STL) template<class... Ts> template<class T> constexpr variant::variant(T&& t) : index{find_index} // Powered by TMP , // ... { } templateclass... Ts> constexpr auto