major operating systems to provide the official pytz tzinfo, instead of the LocalTZ generalization. _std_offset _dst_offset is_dst(dt) utcoffset(dt) datetime -> timedelta, positive for east of UTC, negative wrapattr(file_obj, "read", total=file_obj.size) as fobj: ... while True: ... chunk = fobj.read(chunk_size) ... if not chunk: ... break trange(*args, **kwargs) A shortcut for tqdm(xrange(*args), **kwargs) Attributes tqdm trange class tqdm_asyncio(iterable=None, *args, **kwargs) Bases: conda._vendor.tqdm.std.tqdm Asynchronous-friendly version of tqdm (Python 3.6+). __aiter__() async __anext__() send(*args

dynamic admin interface: it’s not just scaffolding – it’s the whole house Design your URLs Write your views Design your templates This is just the surface Quick install guide Install Python Set up a database Introducing the Django Admin Writing your first Django app, part 3 Overview Writing more views Write views that actually do something Raising a 404 error Use the template system Removing hardcoded URLs templates Namespacing URL names Writing your first Django app, part 4 Write a minimal form Use generic views: Less code is better Writing your first Django app, part 5 Introducing automated testing Basic testing

dynamic admin interface: it’s not just scaffolding – it’s the whole house Design your URLs Write your views Design your templates This is just the surface Quick install guide Install Python Set up a database Introducing the Django Admin Writing your first Django app, part 3 Overview Writing more views Write views that actually do something Raising a 404 error Use the template system Removing hardcoded URLs templates Namespacing URL names Writing your first Django app, part 4 Write a minimal form Use generic views: Less code is better Writing your first Django app, part 5 Introducing automated testing Basic testing

dynamic admin interface: it’s not just scaffolding – it’s the whole house Design your URLs Write your views Design your templates This is just the surface Quick install guide Install Python Set up a database Introducing the Django Admin Writing your first Django app, part 3 Overview Writing more views Write views that actually do something Raising a 404 error Use the template system Removing hardcoded URLs templates Namespacing URL names Writing your first Django app, part 4 Write a simple form Use generic views: Less code is better Writing your first Django app, part 5 Introducing automated testing Basic testing

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 274 3.6 Class-based views . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 287 3.7 Migrations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 635 6.3 Built-in class-based views API . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 647 6.4 Clickjacking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1414 6.28 Built-in Views . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1418

dynamic admin interface: it’s not just scaffolding – it’s the whole house Design your URLs Write your views Design your templates This is just the surface Quick install guide Install Python Set up a database Introducing the Django Admin Writing your first Django app, part 3 Overview Writing more views Write views that actually do something Raising a 404 error Use the template system Removing hardcoded URLs templates Namespacing URL names Writing your first Django app, part 4 Write a simple form Use generic views: Less code is better Writing your first Django app, part 5 Introducing automated testing Basic

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 273 3.6 Class-based views . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 286 3.7 Migrations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 635 6.3 Built-in class-based views API . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 646 6.4 Clickjacking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1402 6.28 Built-in Views . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1406

dynamic admin interface: it’s not just scaffolding – it’s the whole house Design your URLs Write your views Design your templates This is just the surface Quick install guide Install Python Set up a database Introducing the Django Admin Writing your first Django app, part 3 Overview Writing more views Write views that actually do something Raising a 404 error Use the template system Removing hardcoded URLs templates Namespacing URL names Writing your first Django app, part 4 Write a simple form Use generic views: Less code is better Writing your first Django app, part 5 Introducing automated testing Basic testing

dynamic admin interface: it’s not just scaffolding – it’s the whole house Design your URLs Write your views Design your templates This is just the surface Quick install guide Install Python Set up a database Introducing the Django Admin Writing your first Django app, part 3 Overview Writing more views Write views that actually do something Raising a 404 error Use the template system Removing hardcoded URLs templates Namespacing URL names Writing your first Django app, part 4 Write a minimal form Use generic views: Less code is better Writing your first Django app, part 5 Introducing automated testing Basic testing

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 299 3.6 Class-based views . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 308 3.7 Migrations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 698 6.3 Built-in class-based views API . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 712 ii 6.4 Clickjacking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1593 6.29 Built-in Views . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1598