Being Friendly to Your Hardware Performance Engineering A gentle introduction to hardware for software engineers 2Where does C++ run? 3On an abstract C++ machine 4On an abstract C++ machine? specialty instructions, on-core and off- core accelerators • Data layout: both software and hardware characteristics 84 src dst • Alignment: source and destination • Size • Direction • LinearityExample

faster, especially if they are compiled into a form that is directly executable on the underlying hardware. Static compilation can also devote an arbitrary amount of time to program analysis and optimization faster, especially if they are compiled into a form that is directly executable on the underlying hardware. Static compilation can also devote an arbitrary amount of time to program analysis and optimization faster, especially if they are compiled into a form that is directly executable on the underlying hardware. Static compilation can also devote an arbitrary amount of time to program analysis and optimization

layer from the hardware layerSeparate the logic layer from the hardware layer Application Layer Drivers handling LayerProcesses & Logics Separate the logic layer from the hardware layer Application Application Layer Drivers handling LayerProcesses & Logics Hardware Handling Separate the logic layer from the hardware layer Application Layer Drivers handling LayerHow are we going to test it?Probably GetNextTrafficLightLogic SetTrafficLightLogic Hardware SetTrafficLightA unit testUnit tests encourage us to keep the code simpler (Try to mock as little as possible)How Hardware tests should look like Init Write

for process data handling ▶ Provides calls for interrupt control ▶ Calls interface on interrupts ▶ Hardware concrete to the abstraction Michael Caisse Using C libraries in your Modern C++ Embedded Project libraries in your Modern C++ Embedded Project ciere.com Some Goals ▶ Testability ▶ Simulation ▶ Hardware agnostic Michael Caisse Using C libraries in your Modern C++ Embedded Project ciere.com Layered Caisse Using C libraries in your Modern C++ Embedded Project main things slushie_apphardware::hardware> app; extern "C" { void process_app(TOBJ7000 *pdo_in, TOBJ6000 *pdo_out) { auto config = t

step-by-step execution of programs; they are abstract because they omit the many details of real (hardware) machines. Abstract machines provide an intermediate language stage for compilation. They bridge N G What is an Abstract Machine? “A processor design which is not intended to be implemented as hardware, but which is the notional executor of a particular intermediate language (abstract machine language) Machine? “The C++ abstract machine is a portable abstraction of your operating system, kernel and hardware. The abstract machine is the intermediary between your C++ program and the system that it is run

year ago: complete refactoring of the internals 3 Agenda ◇ Understanding the design space ◇ Hardware and software multithreading: definitions and use-cases ◇ Parallel APIs ◇ Sources of overhead Threading 1 application thread -> 1 hardware thread N:1 Threading N application threads -> 1 hardware thread M:N Threading M application threads -> N hardware threads The same distinctions can be multithreaded language or multithreading runtime level. The problem 8 How to schedule M tasks on N hardware threads? Latency vs Throughput 9 - Do we want to do all the work in a minimal amount of time

the journey. • I am passionate about energy efficient computing and making the most out of older hardware, researching different platforms, tools and how to bridge different worlds and peoples together talk is an exploration of the importance of C++ as a language for writing efficient code for older hardware which is easier to access in the developing world. • It will also look into the C++ language as that everyone from a “Poor” country is “Poor” and everyone from a “Rich” Country is “Rich” Older Hardware • As TIME has progressed, Techology has improved to make SMALLER electrical components. • Meaning

generador de chips Rocket de código abierto y basado en RISC-V, el lenguaje de construc- ción de hardware Chisel, y las versiones RISC-V del kernel del sistema operativo Linux, el compilador de C GNU y c o u n t e r e n y s c o u n t e r e n . . . 122 10.26Los CSRs de monitoreo de rendimiento de hardware . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122 10.27El algoritmo completo para traducción de direcciones virtuales introductorio de arquitectura basado en RISC-V: Computer Organization and Design RISC-V Edition: The Hardware Software Interface. Las referencias compactas en este libro incluyen: • Tarjeta de Referencia –

contribuidores para o software open-source Rocket para criar chips RISC-V, a linguagem de construção de hardware Chisel, e o port RISC-V para o kernel do sistema operacional Linux e para o compi- lador e biblioteca t e r e n e s c o u n t e r e n . . . . . . 121 10.26Os CSRs de monitoramento de performance do hardware . . . . . . . . . . . 121 10.27O algoritmo completo para tradução de endereços virtuais para físicos arquitetura de introdução com base no RISC-V: Computer Organization and Design RISC-V Edition: The Hardware Software Interface. As referências compactas neste livro incluem: • Cartão de Referência – Esta

::size_t>::is_always_lock_free); alignas(std::hardware_destructive_interference_size) std::atomic pushCursor_; alignas(std::hardware_destructive_interference_size) std::atomic t> popCursor_; /// Padding to avoid false sharing with adjacent objects char padding_[std::hardware_destructive_interference_size - sizeof(std::size_t)]; auto full(std::size_t pushCursor, std::size_t always_lock_free); alignas(std::hardware_destructive_interference_size) atomic pushCursor_; /// Exclusive to the push thread alignas(std::hardware_destructive_interference_size) std::size_t