Spring Boot 2.6.0-m2 Reference Documentation

• 语言: 英语
• 格式: .pdf
• 来源: docs.spring.io

摘要

文档详细介绍了Spring Boot 2.6.0-M2版本的参考文档，涵盖了从入门到高级功能的使用。内容包括系统要求、构建工具（Maven和Gradle）、依赖管理、外部化配置、安全配置以及如何使用命令行工具等。文档强调了快速启动和配置Spring Boot应用的重要性，提供了详细的安装指南和最佳实践，帮助开发者高效地进行项目开发。

AI总结

### Spring Boot 2.6.0-M2 Reference Documentation Summary

This document provides a comprehensive guide to Spring Boot 2.6.0-M2, covering its features, setup, and usage. Below is a concise summary of the key points:

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#### **1. Document Overview**
- **Purpose**: Offers a structured map to navigate the Spring Boot reference documentation.
- **Latest Version**: Available at [docs.spring.io/spring-boot/docs/current/reference/](https://docs.spring.io/spring-boot/docs/current/reference/).

---

#### **2. Getting Started**
- **Introduction**:
- Spring Boot simplifies the creation of stand-alone, production-grade Spring-based applications.
- It provides a fast, opinionated setup with minimal configuration.
- Key goals:
- Faster development experience.
- Opinionated defaults but flexible for diverging requirements.
- Built-in non-functional features (e.g., embedded servers, security, metrics).
- No code generation or XML configuration required.

- **System Requirements**:
- Java 8 to Java 16.
- Spring Framework 5.3.9 or later.
- Supported build tools: Maven (3.5+), Gradle (6.8.x, 6.9.x, 7.x).

- **Embedded Servlet Containers**:
- Supported containers: Apache Tomcat 9.0 (Servlet 4.0).

---

#### **3. Key Features**
- **Auto-configuration**: Spring Boot automatically configures components based on project requirements.
- **External Configuration**:
- Supports property files (application.properties) and YAML (application.yml).
- Configurations can be overridden using command-line arguments, environment variables, or system properties.
- **Profiles**:
- Allows environment-specific configurations (e.g., dev, prod).

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#### **4. Development**
- **Build Systems**:
- Recommended tools: Maven or Gradle.
- Spring Boot manages dependencies, including Spring Framework and third-party libraries.
- Version lock: Each Spring Boot release is tied to a specific Spring Framework version.

- **Running Applications**:
- Applications can be started using `java -jar` or traditional WAR deployments.
- Spring Boot CLI supports running scripts.

- **Dependency Management**:
- Spring Boot provides a curated list of dependencies with consistent versioning.
- Users can override dependencies if needed.

---

#### **5. Actuators and Monitoring**
- **Actuators**:
- Provide insights into application health, metrics, and other runtime details.
- Disabled by default except for `/health`.
- Use `management.endpoints.web.exposure.include` to enable specific endpoints.
- Security recommendations: Enable only necessary endpoints and secure them.

- **Content Negotiation**:
- Supports media type-based and parameter-based content negotiation.
- Suffix pattern matching is deprecated.

---

#### **6. Configuration Management**
- **Application Sources**:
- The application context loads configuration from multiple sources in a defined order.
- Override configuration using `spring.config.location` or command-line arguments.
- **Command-Line Arguments**:
- Short arguments (e.g., `--port=9000`) can be used by defining placeholders in configuration files.

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#### **7. Spring Boot CLI**
- **Installation**:
- Use SDKMAN! for installation on most systems.
- Example commands:

    $ sdk install springboot
    $ spring --version

- For macOS, Homebrew can be used:

    $ brew tap spring-io/tap
    $ brew install spring-boot

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#### **8. Security and Best Practices**
- **Security**:
- Spring Boot auto-configures security if Spring Security is on the classpath.
- Users can customize access rules by defining `WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter` or `SecurityFilterChain` beans.
- **Best Practices**:
- Follow code structure conventions.
- Use `@Configuration` and `@EnableAutoConfiguration` annotations.
- Avoid specifying Spring Framework versions explicitly.

---

This summary captures the essential aspects of Spring Boot 2.6.0-M2, focusing on its core features, setup, and usage. For detailed information, refer to the official documentation.